A transparent starting point

How your picture
takes shape.

Politype is a tool for reflection. This edition improves the questionnaire and makes its assumptions visible. It has not been empirically validated as a political assessment.

One shared foundation48 core statements for every participant.

Room for uncertaintyNeutral, unsure, and mixed responses remain distinct.

A prompt for reflectionScores and matches are exploratory interpretations.

01 / The questionnaire

One shared core. Optional room to clarify.

Everyone starts with the same 48 statements, interleaved in four rounds across twelve dimensions. Each dimension has two statements oriented toward each pole, with equal weight. The revised wording edition keeps the same structure, weights, and scoring as the earlier balanced edition. Wording can affect responses, so the two editions are not assumed empirically equivalent. The earlier 36, 60, and 240-statement versions are retired; their saved progress is preserved, and old result links remain readable.

Four statements per dimension is a provisional balance between policy coverage and burden, not an established optimal length. This edition received an item-by-item wording review; participant pretesting remains necessary.

After the core, you can take up to 24 additional statements. A “not sure” response offers the uncertainty pair for that dimension. Otherwise, responses scoring at least 75 toward opposite poles offer its mixed-response pair. Mixed answers can reflect legitimate distinctions between policies; they are not labeled contradictions. No single left- or right-leaning answer chooses a branch.

Each clarification pair contains one statement for each pole. If you accept the round, both are asked. The follow-up plan is made from the whole core, is bounded to one pair per dimension, and does not recursively generate more questions. Changing a core answer keeps pairs that still apply and removes retired pairs. You can finish with completed balanced pairs, exclude a partial pair with an explanation, and add remaining eligible pairs later.

02 / Scoring and coverage

Neutral and unsure mean different things.

Strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, and strongly disagree use response values 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25, and 0. “Not sure / need more context” has no numeric value and is excluded.

For a statement oriented toward the left reference pole, the response stays as given. For a statement oriented toward the right pole, it is reversed. The score is 100 times the average of the two groups’ mean values. Each group contributes half, even if uncertainty leaves unequal numbers of rated statements.

A dimension needs at least one numeric response from each orientation to be shown. This is an operational coverage rule, not an established reliability threshold. Results list rated, unsure, neutral, and mixed responses. A midpoint can reflect neutral or opposing views; an unrated dimension is left blank. Catalog matches and Duel comparisons require coverage in all twelve dimensions.

The short core is sensitive to individual answers. One adjacent response change moves an axis by 6.25 points when all four statements are rated; the effect can be larger with fewer responses. Each dimension now shows its arithmetic step based on rated responses in each orientation. This calculation measures how the scoring formula reacts, not a margin of error. Clarifications add information, but do not establish scientific precision.

The closest-match illustration shifts one dimension at a time up and down by its larger adjacent-answer step, bounded to 0–100. It holds the other eleven fixed and re-ranks the ideology catalog. At a boundary, a zero-movement scenario is excluded. These score scenarios do not reconstruct actual answer edits or estimate likelihood. Tied displayed indices follow catalog order.

03 / Catalog interpretations

A nearby idea is a prompt to explore.

Ideologies, countries, regimes, and figures have existing editorial twelve-axis coordinates. Their numeric coordinates have not yet received a documented source assessment. Every profile has a source-context panel distinguishing identity, description, timeframe, image interpretation, and numerical coordinates. A checked name or membership reference does not validate the description as a whole or the political scores. Unreviewed entries are explicitly identified. Descriptions and numeric positions should be examined critically; a figure’s beliefs may change over time, and one number cannot represent a whole country.

The similarity index is 100 − √(mean squared axis distance). It gives all twelve dimensions equal weight, ranges from 0 to 100, and is rounded to one decimal place. It is a distance-based index, not the chance you belong to an ideology or agree with a person. Nearby ideologies appear in strict score order, including related variants. Close scores can change order after small response changes.

Catalog medians describe the profiles in this collection, not a population survey. Matching a government or historical figure never implies endorsement of its actions. Catalog coordinates are retained for continuity; this release does not pretend that rewritten questions make those interpretations validated.

04 / Privacy and editions

Your answers stay on your device.

Progress and your latest completed answers are stored locally when browser storage is available. Shared result links contain twelve scores, edition identifiers, and per-dimension response counts and flags. They do not contain individual statement responses. A recipient cannot open your private answer review. Opening a shared profile keeps your completed assessment; using it as the saved Duel profile requires an explicit action. Editing completed answers keeps a separate copy from any active quiz draft.

Both balanced wording editions retain their own coverage and original statement definitions. Resuming or editing an earlier completed assessment keeps its wording; a fresh start uses the current edition. Legacy and vector-only links show scores without coverage. Original response evidence cannot be reconstructed from a vector. Similarity rankings on those links use the current matching method, and may differ from earlier releases.

Edition identifiers

Instrument: politype-2026-03
Scoring: balanced-poles-2
Matching: rms-2

05 / What still needs research

Better measurement needs people, too.

The next research steps are cognitive interviews about how statements are understood, expert review of construct coverage, diverse pilot samples, repeated assessments, and analysis of reliability, redundancy, and sensitivity. Each catalog coordinate also needs a dated source, rationale, and review record. Until then, this remains an exploratory model.

Questionnaire design references: Pew Research Center’s question-writing guidance ↗ and AAPOR’s survey best practices ↗. These references inform design principles; they do not validate this questionnaire.

Clear comparisons, with context.

Results open with shared linear scales for comparing positions. The optional shape view offers a pattern overview; neither chart implies quality or certainty. Duel uses the same similarity equation, a captioned twelve-row table, named reference poles, and an ordering control. Its small, middle, and wide gap counts are declared display thresholds, not scientific groups.

Presentation guidance: W3C’s guidance on complex images ↗, accessible tables ↗, and GOV.UK’s mobile and readable layout guidance ↗. These guide the interface; they do not authenticate catalog claims.

Explore the statements and their scope.

The labels describe this edition’s scope. Open a dimension to read its context and all four core statements.

Distribution of power +

Consider which level of government should have the final authority. Regional government means a state, province, or similar subdivision.

  • Regional governments should set their own school curricula.
  • The national government should set the same policing rules for every region.
  • Regional governments should have the final say over their own housing policies.
  • The national government should be able to overrule regional tax policies.
Representation +

Consider who should authorize political decisions and how leaders should be held accountable. Efficiency and democratic participation can sometimes pull in different directions.

  • National leaders should face regular competitive elections.
  • The executive should be able to pass national laws without approval from elected representatives.
  • The national government should need approval from elected representatives to pass its budget.
  • A council of appointed experts should have final authority over elected representatives.
Civil liberties +

Consider the limits on state authority over individuals. These statements ask about specific legal powers, rather than whether safety or freedom is valuable in general.

  • Police should be allowed to monitor private online messages without a warrant when they suspect a serious crime.
  • Adults should be allowed to use cannabis without criminal penalties.
  • The government should be allowed to impose a curfew in response to a serious rise in violent crime.
  • The law should protect peaceful speech even when most people find it offensive.
Cultural integration +

This dimension focuses on cultural integration, not the overall number of immigrants. Consider whether a shared dominant culture or cultural pluralism should guide public policy.

  • Immigrants should be required to learn the main language of their new country.
  • Public schools should make room for the cultural traditions of immigrant families.
  • Immigrants should be expected to adopt the predominant customs of their new country.
  • A country’s public institutions should recognize more than one cultural tradition.
Conflict resolution +

Consider the priority given to armed deterrence versus negotiated conflict resolution. This is distinct from whether your country should influence other governments.

  • Increasing military capability should take priority over negotiating arms reductions.
  • A country should accept a negotiated compromise to avoid war, even if it gives up some of its demands.
  • My country should threaten military retaliation when another government threatens it with force.
  • My country should prioritize international disarmament agreements over expanding its arsenal.
Foreign involvement +

Consider involvement in other countries’ political affairs. This dimension covers foreign pressure and engagement, separately from the preference for military versus diplomatic means.

  • My country should avoid trying to change the government of another country.
  • My country should use economic sanctions to influence another government’s policies.
  • My country should avoid commitments that require it to intervene in foreign conflicts.
  • My country should participate in international peacekeeping missions.
Ownership +

Consider who should own major services and enterprises. Ownership is separate from who manages a service. Public ownership means ownership by a public institution; private ownership includes businesses and independent nonprofit organizations. Regulation alone is not public ownership.

  • Water supply utilities should be publicly owned.
  • Passenger rail companies should be privately owned.
  • The main electricity grid should be publicly owned.
  • Most hospitals should be privately owned.
Economic coordination +

Consider state direction of economic decisions, including production planning and rules for wages or prices. These are different tools: supporting a minimum wage does not establish support for comprehensive central planning. Ownership is separate; a privately owned company can operate under government rules.

  • The government should set production targets for strategically important industries.
  • Businesses should be free to set prices without government price limits.
  • The government should set a legal minimum wage.
  • Businesses should decide where to invest without government direction.
International trade +

Consider restrictions on international trade. Tariffs are taxes on imports; they can protect domestic producers while increasing the price of imported goods.

  • Imports should be taxed to protect domestic manufacturers.
  • My country should remove most tariffs on imported goods.
  • Public contracts should favor domestic suppliers even when foreign suppliers cost less.
  • Consumers should be free to buy imported goods without limits intended to protect domestic producers.
Religion & state +

Consider the role of religion in public authority. A person can value faith in private life while favoring a secular state, or have little personal faith while supporting religious public institutions.

  • Civil law should be independent of religious doctrine.
  • Religious authorities should have a formal role in making national laws.
  • Public schools should not require participation in religious worship.
  • The constitution should recognize one religion as the basis of the state.
Social norms +

Consider whether social institutions should adapt to changing values or preserve inherited norms. These statements address specific social practices rather than judging anyone’s personal morality.

  • Civil marriage should be open to same-sex couples.
  • Public schools should teach traditional gender roles as the preferred arrangement for families.
  • People should be free to form households that differ from traditional family arrangements.
  • Government policy should give married couples priority over unmarried couples when providing family benefits.
Technology & precaution +

Consider industrial development and ecological protection when priorities compete. These statements concern environmental effects, not attitudes toward every technology or general product safety. Supporting technological progress and environmental protection together is compatible.

  • New industrial technologies should be deployed quickly even when their long-term environmental effects remain uncertain.
  • Protecting natural habitats should take priority over building new industrial facilities.
  • Developing technological solutions should take priority over policies that reduce resource consumption.
  • New industrial technologies should be delayed until their long-term environmental effects have been studied.