The atlas / Ideologies
A world of political ideas.
Familiar traditions. Unexpected combinations. Explore the schools of thought behind political labels, and see how each one takes shape across twelve dimensions.
257 profiles
Twelve dimensions in every profileSearch and filter the whole collection →
- Right
Athenian Democracy
Ideology of the classical polis, advocating direct popular sovereignty through assembly and sortition among equal citizens, while reserving citizenship to a hereditary minority, excluding women, foreigners and slaves.
- Right
Atlanticism
Geopolitical doctrine of the alliance between the US, Canada and Europe around NATO and the EU, which backs the alliance's eastward expansion and the use of Western military power to spread liberal democracy and free markets against Russia and China.
- Right
Authoritarian Capitalism
Model that combines a market economy and private property with a closed political regime, in which the state guarantees order, growth, and stability while restricting civil liberties and political competition.
- Right
Authoritarian Conservatism
Current that preserves order, tradition, and hierarchy through a strong state, restricting freedoms and political participation in the name of social stability, morality, religion, and established authority.
- Right
Authoritarian Liberalism
Current that combines a market economy, private property, trade openness, and technocracy with low democratic participation, holding that a strong, efficient state should preserve order, stability, and growth.
- Right
Authoritarian Neoliberalism
Regime that imposes radical free markets through a military dictatorship, with privatizations, trade opening and Chicago-trained economists, repressing unions, parties and opponents in the name of order and anticommunism.
- Radical left
Authoritarian Progressivism
Project that imposes progressive social transformations from above, using state power to accelerate changes in customs and equality, even at the cost of individual liberties and organized political opposition.
- Third position
Ba'athist Socialism
An Arab current of state socialism combining pan-Arab nationalism, a vanguard party, planning, land reform and control of strategic sectors, advocating Arab unity, secularism and independence from imperialism.
- Center
Bioconservatism
Position that opposes genetic manipulation and the technological enhancement of the human body, defending ethical limits on science in the name of dignity, human nature, and prudence toward the future.
- Radical left
Blanquist Socialism
Auguste Blanqui's doctrine that a conspiratorial revolutionary minority should seize power and rule through a provisional dictatorship that expropriates the bourgeoisie, with militant atheism and distrust of elections and of spontaneous mass action.
- Libertarian
Bleeding-Heart Libertarianism
Current that unites free markets and individual freedoms with concern for social justice, holding that economic freedom must also concretely improve the lives of the poorest and most vulnerable.
- Left
Bolivarian Socialism
Latin American project that combines popular nationalism, anti-imperialism, social redistribution, and strong presidential leadership, using the state and strategic resources to promote sovereignty and popular inclusion.
- Right
Bonapartism
Caesarist current that legitimises a charismatic leader by plebiscite above parties, combining personal authority, bureaucratic centralisation, military mobilisation and state-led modernising reforms.
- Third position
Brazilian Integralism
Authoritarian nationalist movement that emerged in 1930s Brazil, with a Christian and corporatist base, the motto God, Fatherland and Family, mass aesthetics, and frontal opposition to liberalism and communism.
- Center
Brazilian Social Democracy
Current of Brazil's PSDB, founded in 1988 by Covas, Montoro and Cardoso, joining a market economy, social state, state reform and fiscal responsibility with parliamentarism and moderation on social issues.
- Right
Buddhist Nationalism
A current fusing ethnic identity and Theravada Buddhist faith, seeing the nation as guardian of the Dharma threatened by minorities, as in Sinhalese nationalism in Sri Lanka and the Ma Ba Tha and 969 monk movements in Myanmar.
- Left
Buddhist Socialism
A current that grounds socialism in Buddhist ethics, seeing compassion and the end of attachment as the basis of equality, common property and the rejection of caste, from Ambedkar and the Dalai Lama to Ne Win's Burmese socialism.
- Right
Buddhist Theocracy
Rule by a Buddhist monastic hierarchy, with reincarnated leaders and monasteries dominating politics and land, traditional order and moral precepts as law, as in the Tibet of the Dalai Lama before 1950.
- Right
Caesarism
Roman imperial tradition that, from Julius Caesar through Augustus, Nero, Marcus Aurelius and Justinian, concentrates army, law and administration in the ruler while preserving institutions, popular provisioning and sovereignty over a diverse empire.
- Right
Cameralism
Administrative doctrine of enlightened absolutism that organized the state through a disciplined bureaucracy and centralized finances, promoting industry, population, and revenue as sources of the monarch's power.
- Right
Capitalism
Economic system based on private property, free markets, and the pursuit of profit, in which production and prices are regulated by competition and supply and demand, with individual initiative as its engine.
- Right
Carlist Traditionalism
A Spanish current of counter-revolutionary traditionalism, born in the 19th-century Carlist Wars under the motto God, Fatherland, Fueros and King, advocating a legitimist Catholic monarchy, religious unity, regional fueros and an organic society against liberalism.
- Right
Catholicism
Social doctrine of the Catholic Church, combining traditionalist morality and defense of life with concern for social justice, subsidiarity and worker dignity, under the hierarchical authority of the papacy and canon law.
- Center
Centrism
Political position that seeks balance between left and right, valuing moderation, pragmatism, and consensus, and combining elements of different currents to avoid extremes and favor gradual reforms.
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